Freshers looking for IT jobs, Here we mentioned with the latest programming language which has great scope in IT/Software field.
- JAVASCRIPT
- JAVA
- PYTHON
- PHP
- SWIFT
- SQL
- C,C++
- RUBY
- C#
- RUST
- KOTLIN
- PERL
- DART
- SHELL/POWERSHELL
1.JAVASCRIPT
JavaScript was invented by Brendan Eich in 1995 at Netscape. Netscape first introduced a Javascript interpreter in Navigator2. It became an ECMA standard in 1997. In Early, it was named as “LiveScript” in September 1995. Later it was renamed as Javascript. The main purpose of this language is to develop a Web. Used by both client and server side script language. It is written in HTML page. Major Programming language for fresher Since javascript is one of the basic IT job requirement.
Purpose: Mobile application, Desktop application, Game development, Animated web design. Javascript is important to create a dynamic and interactive web to users.
Features: Event handling, Validating User’s Input, Object-based Scripting Language, Client side technology, Looping statement, Case sensitive, Control statement, In-build Function
Latest edition is ECMA script9 or ES
ECMA script is the official name of the language
2.JAVA
It is invented by James Gosling at Sun Microsystem in 1995. It is an Object-Oriented Programming Language. Java programs are interpreted by JVM(java virtual Machine) which runs on Multiple Platform. JAVA is free,simple offers multimedia and network support. this is unique because it has no pointer like other language no explicit memory management
Purpose: Developing mobile, Web development, Server-side and Dynamic web application, Continuous Testing, Bigdata
Domains: Banking, Stockmarket,Retail,IT,Android, Scientific and Research Community.
Features:Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance and Polymorphism
Latest Version is JAVASE.11.0.2
3.PYTHON
It is developed by Guido Van Rossum in 1980’s. It is a high level programming language. This is easy to use because of simple programming syntax, code readability, easy debugging, Highly productive. Some of their frameworks are Dyango,flask,Anaconda. . Other important Programming language for fresher
Purpose: Developing Desktop GUI Application, Website, Web Application, Software Development Application, Games and 3D application, Business Application
Features: High level, Simple, open source, GUI program, Object-Oriented, Interpreted, Platform Independent.
Latest Version is Python 3.4.10
4.PHP ( Hypertext Preprocessor )
Originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994. Full form of php is “Hypertext Preprocessor”. It is programming Language for web development. This is a server side scripting language for dynamic/Web application which runs on web server. Its a open source and free to download. Useful Programming language for fresher..
Purpose: Creating cookies, Collecting and verifying data, Displays Content and Image.
Features: Simple and easy, Interpreted, Efficiency, Familiarity, Real time Access monitoring, Flexibility.
Latest Version PHP7
5.SWIFT
It is been designed by Chris Lather developed by Apple Inc to work on ios, ipados, macos, watchos,linux, z/os, drawin,windows platforms. Its a general purpose high-level programming language. It is developed to replace objective-C as the main programming language for apple. Since objective-C is complicated and confusing to make it simple and ease swift was created.One of the Programming language for fresher..
Features: Safe, Fast,Expressive, Powerful, Error Handling, Advanced Control Flow.
Latest Version Swift5.0.2
6.SQL
Structured Query Language Developed by Donald Chamberlinand Raymond Boyce in 1970 in IBM.According to American National Standards Institute SQL is a standard language for relational database Management system. It supports comments like SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, INSERT,WHERE. It is structured query language.It can access and manipulate data in database.Also called SEQUEL
Features:Case sensitive
SQL Commands-> Create, Select, Insert, Alter, Delete, Drop, Update
Sub Language-> Data Definition Language, Data Manipulation Language, Transaction Control Language, Data Control Language.
Latest Version SQL15.0
7.C,C++
C:It is developed by Dennis M.Ritchie at the bell telephone Laboratories. It is a simple and structure oriented programming language. Widely used and it is a foremost of all programming language. It got standardized by ANSI version is called ANSI-C
Purpose: Operating System, Embedded System, GUI, Google, MySql, Compiler design, Gaming and Animation
Features: Simple, Powerful, Fast and Efficient, Modularity, Compiler based, Portability, Platform dependent, Case sensitive, Structure Oriented
Latest version C18 which is an informal name.
C++: It is developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1979 at bell laboratory. it is an object oriented programming Language.
Purpose: OS designing, Desktop Application, Develop Game, Web page design, Medical Application, Engineering Application, Embedded Systems.
Features: Same as C
Latest Version C++17
8.RUBY
It is invented by “Yukihiro Matz”.It is a general programming language. Simple and productive. Easy to read and write it is well known for Web Application
Purpose: Code development, Dynamic typing, Code quality, Maintainability, Performance and security.
Features: Object Oriented, Flexibility, Portable, Keywords, Variable Constants, Garbage collector, Statement delimiters, Missing method, Case sensitive.
Latest version Ruby 5.2
9.C#
It is developed by Anders Hejlsberg at Microsoft around 2000. It is a object oriented Programming Language. It runs top of common language run time(CLR)
Purpose: Desktop Application, Web Application and Web Service
Features: Simple, Fast speed, Modern Programming Language, Component Oriented, Structure programming Language.
Latest version C#7.3
10.RUST
Designed by Graydon Hoare at Mozilla Research. It is highly concurrent and safe system. It is basically multi-paradigm system programming language. It is similar to c++ but provide better memory safety while high performance. Focused on safety. Latest Programming language for fresher..
Purpose: Software Application -> Game engines, Operating system, file System, Browser Component and simulation engines for virtual reality.
Features: Zero cost abstraction, Error Message, Move semantics, Threads without data races, Pattern Matching, Guaranteed memory safety, Minimal time.
Latest version is Rust1.37.0
11.KOTLIN
It is developed by Dmity Jemerov in 2011. The main idea of Kotlin is to run the code in multiple platforms without linking to JVM and making it much faster. It is a statically typed language runs on JVM. Kotlin is a upcoming Programming language for fresher.
Purpose: Web development -> Front and back end, Data Science and Game development
Google uses kotlin.
Features: Open source, Interoperability, Default paramaters, Null safety in koltin, Extension function. Latest version is Kotlin 1.3
12.PERL
Created by Larry Wall in 1987. It is an Interpreted programming Language. It is a text processing language for unix- like OS. Unix scripting language make report processing easier. Should know Programming language for fresher
Purpose: System Administration, Web development, Network programming, GUI development.
Feature: Database support 3rd party Database including oracle, Postgres, Mysql, Extensible
Latest Version Perl5.16.2
13.DART
It is initiated by Lars Bak. This programming language works on Virtual Machine. It is an client-optimized programming language for fast application on multiple platforms.
Purpose: Web development-> Client and server side web
Features: Top-level functions, Named constructors, Factory constructors, Isolates, Libraries, String Interpolation, Lexical scope.
Latest version is Dart2.3
14.Shell/Powershell
Bash is a unix shell and command language written by brian fox for GNU project as a free software replacement for the bourne shell in 1989. It is scripting language that borrows heavily from unix shells and other language like perl.
Purpose: Run sequence of commands in single line. OS-> Command interpreter. Interactive debugging. Decision making.
Features: Shell programming, Signal trapping, Restricted shells, Command aliases, Command history, File name completion, Command line editing. Latest version is bash-5.0